Water temperature influences the lives of all aquatic plants and animals within the established environment. It also affects the fish growth, reproduction, diseases resistance, food intake and digestion, food conversion and other water related parameters. Temperature has direct influence on oxygen balance such as; photosynthesis, respiration and process of chemical reaction and oxidation.
When temperature goes higher or lower than the optimum range, the growth of fish is affected. Drastic water temperature changes of 5°C or higher can cause stress / mortality. Water surface temperature is influence by air temperature is found at lower part of the pond. The water temperature difference at different layers of water is known as thermal stratification.
In general, fish are cold blooded animals so as to tilapia, their body temperatures depend upon the temperature range in which they grows favorable. Tilapia can tolerate high water temperature but too much handling should be minimize to prevent stress mortality.
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